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(No Model.) 2 Shets-Sheet i,

G. A. GOLTUN.

VISE.

No. 320,224. Patented June 16, 1885.

N. PETERS, Phelan nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. A. COLTON.

VISE.

No. 320,224. Patented June 16, 1885.

GEORGE A. COLTON, OF SYRAOUSE, NE YORK.

VISE.

SPECIFECATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 320,224, dated June 16, 1885.

(No model.)

To all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. CoLToN,a citizen of the United States, residing at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vises, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention has relation to bench-vises, and among the characteristics sought to be provided is a minimum of expense of manufacture resulting from a reduced number of pieces or parts, and fromthe peculiar construction of each part, whereby they are capable of being cast in such form that each shall serve the functions of several pieces or parts, as heretofore constructed, and that each shall be readily applicable for presentation -to ordinary machine tools for finishing said castings, the same being when finished (with a minimum alnount of hand-work or labor thereon) capable of an assemblage and co-operation which results in a strong, serviceable, and accurate implement.

The peculiarconfiguration of each piece or casting, and the relative location and arrangement of its individual features are calculated with reference to ease of production by the ordinary methods of casting and of tinishing by the ordinary machine tools.

Other objects, aims, and advantages of the invention will be hereinafter mentioned and particularly described, and the novel features thereof specifically pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective of the fixed jaw portion of the vise. Fig. 2 is a perspective of the sliding jaw portion with the jaw-operating screw arranged therein. Fig. Bis a side elevation of the fixed and sliding jaw portions assembled in operative position, and provided with additional accessories. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section of Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 are details in perspective of the swivel-jaw shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

Like letters indicate like parts in all the gures.

The fixed jaw A, the sleeve B, the nut O, and the attaching-bracket D are the principal elements which constitute one of the two cast'- ings employed in the vise, and which embody some of the important features of my invention. A vertical web or plate, A', serves to connect the jaw with the sleeve and with the base, and is provided upon its inner face with a bracket, G, which serves to support the integral nut C, so that it is concentric with the sleeve B; and, if desired, the said nut may be projected within the sleeve or terminate at a line passed along the inner face of the plate A and across the inner end of the sleeve. This manner of forming and support-ing the nut is an important feature of my invention, because there being no standard within the sleeve, and extending from the bottom thereof to the body of the nut to support the same, any ordinary boring-tool may operate within the sleeve and throughout the entire length thereof to finish the same iuteriorly without obstruction by some device for supporting the nut centrally therein. Heretoforein some instances the nut has been made separate from the sleeve and set within a recess formed within the bottom thereof or outside thereof, so that when removed the sleeve could be tinished 5 but such a construction requires a separate finishing of the sleeve, and of the nut or its standard, as well as the recess into which it is inserted, whereby additional cost of manufacture results. I n the instance illustrated in Fig. l, the wall A is extendedjbelow the base D to adapt it to be secured by screws or bolts A2 to the edge ofthe bench, a similar screw or bolt (not shown) being passed through the base l) downwardly into the bench. The nut O is interiorly screw-threaded for the reception of the screw ot' the vise, and its exterior outline in erosssection is that of a circle, is also the interior configuration iu cross-section of the sleeve B.

To persons skilled in the art of casting and finishing articles the advantage secured by the construction of the fixed jaw portion of the vise, as illustrated in Fig. l, is apparent, the pattern being presented in the sand with the sleeve down, and the line of parting being, if desired, along` the edge of the wall of the plate A', the bracket and nut projecting upwardly, while, as before stated, the interior of the sleeve is wholly unobstructed, so that by the use of a simple reamer the sleeve is finished to exact size, and by the use of a si n1- ICO ple drill and tap the nut is bored and screwthreaded'. It is apparent that the general outline of this piece of the vise may be varied within the limit-s of having the desired taper from the plate in opposite directionsthat is, along the sleeve and base and along the nut and bracket, which will facilitate withdrawing the pattern from the sand in the process of casting-the essential features of configuration, so far as my invention is concerned, being the collection of a fixed jaw, a sleeve, base, and nut in one piece, with the nut arranged concentric with the sleeve and supported by some portion of the casting which is arranged entirely without the sleeve. The companion and only other casting of the vise Vas made for ordinary purposes comprises the movable jaw E and the sliding bar F. The bar F is simply a tube, the exterior and interior eonformations of which are in cross-section circles, and it is slotted at lthe bottom, as at F', from 011e end to near the other.

To one skilled in casting articles of met al it is apparent that t-he pattern for the sliding bar and j aw would be tapered from the jaw to the end of the bar,the parting line being along the edges of the jaw an d its standard, and to one familiarwi th finishing castings it is apparentthat the bar being a circle when finished it is simply required that the jaw end or other portion of the bar be chucked in an ordinary lathe in order to finish the same to an accurate true circle. Interiorly, if desired, although it is not essential, the bar. may be reamed or bored with any usual tool and drilled at its jawend for the passage of the screw. Now, in view of the characteristics of the movable andthe fixed jaw portions it is apparent that by ordinary machine tools the two castings can be adapted to accurately fit each other, and it only remains to make and insert t-he screw, retaining it wit-hin the bar by the usual pin passed through the slot and into the body of the screw; or by means of a shoulder formedl on the body of the screw and a nut or head mounted on the outer end of' the screw, through which the operatinglever is passed, retaining the same thereon. In the cheaper vises with smooth accurate castings no fitting of the bar to the sleeve will be absolutely required, as I have demonstrated. Forthelatterabove-mentioned construction see Fig. 4, the screw G having a shoulder, G, which impinges against the inner wall of the end of the sliding bar, and a nut or head, G2, mounted upon t-he outer endl of the screw, and held by the lever H, which passes through the head and the screw.

Vhen the parts illustrated in Figs. l and 2 are assembled, as described, I have a vise which involves simply two castings and an operati n g-screw, and which can be cheaply manufactured, and is strong, serviceable, and accurate in its operation.

The location and arrangement ofthe nut C not V only facilitates in a great degree the manufacture of the vise, but gives great strength tothe same in use, by reason of the fact that the nut itself is directly between and below the jaws, so that pressure exerted by the jaws upon an object placed between them is directly applied and in a line passing centrally and longitudinally through the sliding bar, whereby there is less tendency in the movable jaw to raise When pressure is applied, and -thus wearing the sleeve out of a true line and impair-ing the fit ofthe sliding bar therein is prevented.

I have added certain accessories to my vise to render it capable of' inclination as a whole in various directions, and to render one of its jaws capable of horizontal inclination to adapt the vise to hold irregular work. These objects have heretofore been provided for in vises; but the different constructions employed have been attended with certain defects,which I have attempted to remedy. First, in the provision of a swivel-jaw I have sought to secure strength, simplicity, and firnmess, as well as ease of manufacture. In the standard E I form a flat seat, E2, having a curved rear wall E", terminating at the top with an inwardly-proj ectin g V-shaped rib, El. rIhe bottom of the seat E is bored, as E5, which point is preferably the center of the curvature of' the rear wall E, and in a vertical line drawn from the inner face ofthe swivel-jaw. The swivel-jaw E, Fig. 5, is adapted to fit the seat, and is provided with a depending cylindrical lug, E, the center of which is in a vertical line drawn from the face of the jaw, and the fixed rear wall E7 of the swivel-jaw is upon the same curvature as the rear wall E3, formed in the standard, and said wall E7 is provided at its upper end with a V-groove, EB, adapted to receive the V-rib E4 ofthe standard. Now the objects and advantages of this construction of the swivel-jaw are that it turns about a center upon a vertical line passing through or across the face of the jaw itself', so thatpressure upon an irregular object held by the jaws is taken wholly'byV them and by the standard E, and not by the 'pivot of the swivel-j aw. The V- rib and the groove prevent any tendency upon the part of the jaw when pressed against an object to rise out of its seat. Ease of' manufacture of these part-s (the swivel-jaw and the standard,` for receiving the saine) is apparent, in that the bore E5 having been made, an ordinary reamer, having a center operatin g in the bore, may be revolved to give the suitable finish to the said seat, rear wall, and rib, while a hollow rea-mer may be employed in finishing the lug E and the rear wall of the swivel-jaw; or the latter may be finished in a lathe, while the jaw is ehucked either from lug E or from its upper portion. Thus, as in the features heretofore described, the finishing of the casting may be accomplished by ordinary machine tools, and the desirable object of a minimum of hand-work is secured.

Although not absolutely essential by reason of the rib E and groove ES, I have illustrated a bolt, E9, and washer Em, the former passing IOO IIO

through a slot, E, and screw-threaded at E into the swivel jaw for the purpose of rigidly maintaining it in a desired position, either parallel with the fixed jaw or inclined thereto. rIhis feature may or may not be employed. rlhe remaining accessories provided are a balland-socket joint for the inclination of the vise as a whole, and a sliding bar and bench-plate which permits the adjustment of the vise as a whole in a position more or less projecting from the bench.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 8 and. 4, the bench-plate I is secured to the bench and projects above the surface thereof to form a foundation and guide which fits the sliding` bar J either between longitudinal fianges J formed on the bottom of the bar, or the bedplate may be projected up into the slot Ji formed in the bar, in which case the flanges J may be omitted. rPhe rear end of the slot Jl is widened, as at J, to permit the passage therethrough of the head of the securing-bolt L, so that by drawing the bar outwardly it may be removed from the bench. In other words, the slot J2 is what is commonly known as a key-hole slot.77 rlhe outer end of the bar J is provided with a member, M, of a ball-and-socket joint, which in this instance is convexed, the opposite or concave mcmber,l\I, being formed in the base I) of the fixed ljaw. lf desired, these members may be reversed. The bolt N is screwthreadcd into the base and passes through fixed member M, and in this instance through a washer, O, and serves to bind the base tothe bar. The convex member is hollow and its crown removed, so as to permit desired inclination of the base and bolt thereon.

In the smaller sizes of vises constructed in accordance with my invention ahandle,I,(see Fig.4,) provided with a screw end, may be sccured in'the concave member of thejoint and in the base after the vise is removed from the bar J, so that the viseis adapted for hand use.

Although I have particularly described and have claimed certain features of construction involved in the accessories of the vise illustrated in Figs. l and 2, which of itself' contains novel and important features of my invention, I do not limit the same to vises in which these accessories are present; but in order t-o adapt the vise illustrated in said fignres to the various uses and purposes of the more popular forms I have illustrated and described such accessories, and claimed those having` novel features of construction, whereby they are adapted to be used in connection with my novel vise. Furthermore, it is app-.rrent that the novel features ofboth my vise and accessories thereof may in part be applied to existing forms of vises which differ in other respects from mine, and I therefore do not limit my invention, so far as any of the novel features` thereof are concerned, to their assemblage with other particular features of this my invention. For example, the :ubiantages of my peculiar construction of a fixed jaw and bracket with the integral nut supported independently of the walls of the sleeve may be employed in vises which radically differ in all other respects from that herein shown and described, and therefore I do not limit my in vention in any of its novel features to the devices or construction associated willi those features. I

Various minor details inthe construction of my invention may be made without a departure therefrom. For example, it is not absolutely essential that the nut C should be exactly concentric with the sleeve B, as a cyl1ndrical sliding bar may be eccentrically bored for the reception of the nut and binding-screw G, in order that a prejionderance of metal may occur above, below, or upon either side of the center of' said sliding-bar-perhaps preferably below. Again, I may secure the advantages of facilitating the finishing of the sleeve interiorly, by reason of' the absence from within the same f any parts connecting the nut therewith, even if said part or parts bc not cast integrally with the sleeve; but for cheapncss of manufacture I prefer to cast the parts as one piece. It' the bolt N be passed directly through a bench and upwardly into its scat in the. supportingbasc D, the fixed jaw-casting may thereby be secured directly to the bench, and without change of construe tion the same casting may be by means ofthe same bolt secured to the ball-and-socket member of the sliding bar, and by the same or equivalent means said casting may be mounted upon a handle, so that the vise may be used as an ordinary bench-vise capable ot' horizontal rotation in the first instance, and capable of horizontal rotation and inclination in all directions,as weil as horizontal extensiomfrom a bench in a second instance, and as an ordinary hand-vise in the third instance.

Having described my invention and its operation, what I claim, is-

l. In a vise, a sleeve open at both ends and provided with a nut supported independently and outside of' the inner walls of' the sleeve, whereby the interior of the sleeve may be finished without removal ofthe nut, substalr tially as specified.

2. In a vise, a fixed jaw, a'slccve, an cxterior nut, and its supporti11g-bracket arranged independent of the walls of the sleeve, the whole cast in one piece, whereby said sleeve may be interiorly finished, substantially as specified.

3. The combination of two castings, the one comprising a fixed jaw, a sleeve, a nut, and its supportingbracket arranged independent and outside of' the sleeve aud a supporting base, and the other comprising` a -jaw and a hollow cylindrical slotted sliding bar with a suitable ,jaw-operating screw, substantially as specified.

4. The combination ofthe fixed jaw A, plate A, sleeve l), nut (l, and bracket G', arranged IOO IIO

as described a-nd cast in one piece with the In testimony whereof Iafx my signature 1o integral slotted sliding bar F and jaw E, subin presence of two Witnesses. stnntially as shown and described. v

5. The combination, with a sliding bnr hnv- GEORGE A. COLION.V 5 ing zt standard in which is formed n swiveljaw seat and curved wall7 of a swivel-jaw Vitnesses: having a pivot in line with its face, and aV wall GEO. L. SMITH, curved to fit the standard, substantially its ARTHUR BEEBE. speoiiied. 

